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My purpose in preparing this book has been to furnish something which might be adapted to the use of college classes, and at the same time useful to thoughtful readers in general, who may desire to review the elements of Psychology and Metaphysics, or bring down their acquaintance with these subjects to a more recent period. I was led to see the need of such a work by actual experience in teaching. The existing text-books were unsatisfactory to me for various reasons. Some are too large for use as text-books, others so small as to give no adequate idea of the extent of the subject. Some are too abstruse and difficult in style and matter, others display no familiarity with the recent, especially the German, literature of the subject. Some are too one-sided, either as giving only the peculiar views of the writers, or as neglecting important parts of the subject. Some are ill-proportioned, some are ill-arranged, some are unsound in doctrine. In the preparation of the present work, a serious attempt has been made to keep in mind and avoid these defects. The book is small enough to be read through by a college class in one term, and yet, I believe, large enough to contain a fair introduction to the study of philosophy, and give the attentive student some idea of the literature of the subject. If this book shall be of service in making the study of Philosophy easier and more attractive, I shall feel amply repaid for all my labor.
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"Much interest has, of late, been manifested in the problem of Character-Formation, and Will-Education. The problem of Character-Formation however, presents peculiar difficulties. It presupposes a Science of Man, capable of explaining the complex, vital dynamism of human activity. Towards such a science, be it realisable or no, the first step must be an efficient Psychology of the Will. Every phase of volitional activity must be fully analysed, and, as it seems to us, such an analysis is alone possible by means of the new experimental method. It was with the object of analysing some phases of the Choice-Process that the present experimental researches were undertaken"--
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L'homme moderne présente un mélange étonnant de volontarisme et de résignation : tantôt il a l'impression de tout pouvoir (dans l'organisation des familles ou bien dans le domaine des biotechnologies, par exemple), tantôt il a l'impression inverse de tout subir (la mondialisation apparaît comme une nouvelle fatalité). Et si les deux points de vue n'étaient tout compte fait que les deux aspects d'une même réalité ? Slogan nazi et stalinien dans les années 1930, le triomphe de la volonté, heureusement débarrassé de son hypothèque totalitaire, est devenu le programme implicite d'une époque qui, ne voulant plus rien recevoir des dieux ou de la nature, a relancé discrètement l'utopie de l'homme nouveau, désormais compatible avec le cadre démocratique. Comment cette exaltation de la volonté comme puissance individuelle et collective a-t-elle pu s'imposer contre des millénaires de traditions adverses ? Si nous sommes les héritiers d'une histoire, celle-ci peut être datée et elle n'est pas encore très longue. En tout cas, il est à peu près certain qu'elle ne pourra pas durer indéfiniment car une volonté illimitée se heurte à des problèmes insolubles - d'où ce néofatalisme qui peut être interprété comme le symptôme d'une situation de crise.
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